A new study sheds light on how stigma shapes the everyday experiences of young adults living with early-onset type 2 diabetes, and why it matters for care, communication and outcomes.
While diabetes-related stigma has been explored in people with type 1 diabetes and in older adults with type 2 diabetes, this research focuses on a group that is often overlooked. Early-onset type 2 diabetes is rising, and people diagnosed at a younger age face distinct clinical and psychological challenges.
The qualitative study analysed interviews with 25 young adults living with early-onset type 2 diabetes and 25 healthcare professionals involved in their care.
Behavioural Scientist Michelle Hadjiconstantinou shared, “The patients we spoke to told us that they felt stigma coming from multiple directions. They described media narratives, public attitudes and even healthcare interactions as framing type 2 diabetes as self-inflicted, reinforcing blame and judgement.
“Young adults we spoke to in the study also reported being labelled with harmful stereotypes such as lazy, unhealthy or irresponsible, alongside the persistent misconception that type 2 diabetes is an older person’s condition.
“These attitudes had real life consequences. Many participants spoke about feelings of shame, embarrassment and self-blame. For some, this even led to hiding their diagnosis, avoiding conversations about their health, or delaying support and care. Healthcare professionals also recognised how stigma can damage trust, engagement and long-term self-management.”
Importantly, the study highlights ways to challenge stigma. Professor Melanie Davies, Professor of Diabetes Medicine and Director of the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre said, “Education and public awareness are critical, particularly around the complex causes of early-onset type 2 diabetes. We need non-judgemental, person-centred communication in healthcare settings.”
“Stigma is woven into daily life and can directly affect psychological wellbeing, help-seeking and health outcomes. Reducing stigma should be a priority, alongside clinical care, to support better experiences and outcomes for this growing population.”